001/*
002 * oauth2-oidc-sdk
003 *
004 * Copyright 2012-2016, Connect2id Ltd and contributors.
005 *
006 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use
007 * this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the
008 * License at
009 *
010 *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
011 *
012 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed
013 * under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
014 * CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
015 * specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
016 */
017
018package com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.auth.verifier;
019
020
021import com.nimbusds.jose.JOSEException;
022import com.nimbusds.jose.JWSVerifier;
023import com.nimbusds.jose.crypto.MACVerifier;
024import com.nimbusds.jose.crypto.factories.DefaultJWSVerifierFactory;
025import com.nimbusds.jose.proc.JWSVerifierFactory;
026import com.nimbusds.jwt.SignedJWT;
027import com.nimbusds.jwt.proc.BadJWTException;
028import com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.auth.*;
029import com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.id.Audience;
030import com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.id.ClientID;
031import com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.id.JWTID;
032import com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.util.CollectionUtils;
033import com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.util.ListUtils;
034import com.nimbusds.oauth2.sdk.util.X509CertificateUtils;
035import net.jcip.annotations.ThreadSafe;
036
037import java.security.PublicKey;
038import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
039import java.util.Date;
040import java.util.LinkedList;
041import java.util.List;
042import java.util.Set;
043
044
045/**
046 * Client authentication verifier.
047 *
048 * <p>Related specifications:
049 *
050 * <ul>
051 *     <li>OAuth 2.0 (RFC 6749), sections 2.3.1 and 3.2.1.
052 *     <li>OpenID Connect Core 1.0, section 9.
053 *     <li>JSON Web Token (JWT) Profile for OAuth 2.0 Client Authentication and
054 *         Authorization Grants (RFC 7523).
055 *     <li>OAuth 2.0 Mutual TLS Client Authentication and Certificate Bound
056 *         Access Tokens (RFC 8705), section 2.
057 * </ul>
058 */
059@ThreadSafe
060public class ClientAuthenticationVerifier<T> {
061
062
063        /**
064         * The client credentials selector.
065         */
066        private final ClientCredentialsSelector<T> clientCredentialsSelector;
067        
068        
069        /**
070         * Optional client X.509 certificate binding verifier for
071         * {@code tls_client_auth}.
072         * @deprecated Replaced by pkiCertBindingVerifier
073         */
074        @Deprecated
075        private final ClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier<T> certBindingVerifier;
076
077
078        /**
079         * Optional client X.509 certificate binding verifier for
080         * {@code tls_client_auth}.
081         */
082        private final PKIClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier<T> pkiCertBindingVerifier;
083
084
085        /**
086         * The JWT assertion claims set verifier.
087         */
088        private final JWTAuthenticationClaimsSetVerifier claimsSetVerifier;
089
090
091        /**
092         * Optional expended JWT ID (jti) checker.
093         */
094        private final ExpendedJTIChecker<T> expendedJTIChecker;
095
096
097        /**
098         * JWS verifier factory for private_key_jwt authentication.
099         */
100        private final JWSVerifierFactory jwsVerifierFactory = new DefaultJWSVerifierFactory();
101
102
103        /**
104         * Creates a new client authentication verifier.
105         *
106         * @param clientCredentialsSelector The client credentials selector.
107         *                                  Must not be {@code null}.
108         * @param certBindingVerifier       Optional client X.509 certificate
109         *                                  binding verifier for
110         *                                  {@code tls_client_auth},
111         *                                  {@code null} if not supported.
112         * @param expectedAudience          The permitted audience (aud) claim
113         *                                  values in JWT authentication
114         *                                  assertions. Must not be empty or
115         *                                  {@code null}. Should typically
116         *                                  contain the token endpoint URI and
117         *                                  for OpenID provider it may also
118         *                                  include the issuer URI.
119         *
120         * @deprecated Use the constructor with {@link PKIClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier}
121         */
122        @Deprecated
123        public ClientAuthenticationVerifier(final ClientCredentialsSelector<T> clientCredentialsSelector,
124                                            final ClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier<T> certBindingVerifier,
125                                            final Set<Audience> expectedAudience) {
126
127                claimsSetVerifier = new JWTAuthenticationClaimsSetVerifier(expectedAudience);
128
129                if (clientCredentialsSelector == null) {
130                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The client credentials selector must not be null");
131                }
132                
133                this.certBindingVerifier = certBindingVerifier;
134                this.pkiCertBindingVerifier = null;
135
136                this.clientCredentialsSelector = clientCredentialsSelector;
137
138                this.expendedJTIChecker = null;
139        }
140
141        
142        /**
143         * Creates a new client authentication verifier without support for
144         * {@code tls_client_auth}.
145         *
146         * @param clientCredentialsSelector The client credentials selector.
147         *                                  Must not be {@code null}.
148         * @param expectedAudience          The permitted audience (aud) claim
149         *                                  values in JWT authentication
150         *                                  assertions. Must not be empty or
151         *                                  {@code null}. Should typically
152         *                                  contain the token endpoint URI and
153         *                                  for OpenID provider it may also
154         *                                  include the issuer URI.
155         */
156        public ClientAuthenticationVerifier(final ClientCredentialsSelector<T> clientCredentialsSelector,
157                                            final Set<Audience> expectedAudience) {
158
159                this(clientCredentialsSelector, expectedAudience, null);
160        }
161
162
163        /**
164         * Creates a new client authentication verifier without support for
165         * {@code tls_client_auth}.
166         *
167         * @param clientCredentialsSelector The client credentials selector.
168         *                                  Must not be {@code null}.
169         * @param expectedAudience          The permitted audience (aud) claim
170         *                                  values in JWT authentication
171         *                                  assertions. Must not be empty or
172         *                                  {@code null}. Should typically
173         *                                  contain the token endpoint URI and
174         *                                  for OpenID provider it may also
175         *                                  include the issuer URI.
176         * @param expendedJTIChecker        Optional expended JWT ID (jti)
177         *                                  claim checker to prevent JWT
178         *                                  replay, {@code null} if none.
179         */
180        public ClientAuthenticationVerifier(final ClientCredentialsSelector<T> clientCredentialsSelector,
181                                            final Set<Audience> expectedAudience,
182                                            final ExpendedJTIChecker<T> expendedJTIChecker) {
183
184                claimsSetVerifier = new JWTAuthenticationClaimsSetVerifier(expectedAudience);
185
186                if (clientCredentialsSelector == null) {
187                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The client credentials selector must not be null");
188                }
189
190                this.certBindingVerifier = null;
191                this.pkiCertBindingVerifier = null;
192
193                this.clientCredentialsSelector = clientCredentialsSelector;
194
195                this.expendedJTIChecker = expendedJTIChecker;
196        }
197        
198
199        /**
200         * Creates a new client authentication verifier.
201         *
202         * @param clientCredentialsSelector The client credentials selector.
203         *                                  Must not be {@code null}.
204         * @param pkiCertBindingVerifier    Optional client X.509 certificate
205         *                                  binding verifier for
206         *                                  {@code tls_client_auth},
207         *                                  {@code null} if not supported.
208         * @param expectedAudience          The permitted audience (aud) claim
209         *                                  values in JWT authentication
210         *                                  assertions. Must not be empty or
211         *                                  {@code null}. Should typically
212         *                                  contain the token endpoint URI and
213         *                                  for OpenID provider it may also
214         *                                  include the issuer URI.
215         */
216        public ClientAuthenticationVerifier(final ClientCredentialsSelector<T> clientCredentialsSelector,
217                                            final PKIClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier<T> pkiCertBindingVerifier,
218                                            final Set<Audience> expectedAudience) {
219
220                this(clientCredentialsSelector, pkiCertBindingVerifier, expectedAudience, null);
221        }
222
223
224        /**
225         * Creates a new client authentication verifier.
226         *
227         * @param clientCredentialsSelector The client credentials selector.
228         *                                  Must not be {@code null}.
229         * @param pkiCertBindingVerifier    Optional client X.509 certificate
230         *                                  binding verifier for
231         *                                  {@code tls_client_auth},
232         *                                  {@code null} if not supported.
233         * @param expectedAudience          The permitted audience (aud) claim
234         *                                  values in JWT authentication
235         *                                  assertions. Must not be empty or
236         *                                  {@code null}. Should typically
237         *                                  contain the token endpoint URI and
238         *                                  for OpenID provider it may also
239         *                                  include the issuer URI.
240         * @param expendedJTIChecker        Optional expended JWT ID (jti)
241         *                                  claim checker to prevent JWT
242         *                                  replay, {@code null} if none.
243         */
244        public ClientAuthenticationVerifier(final ClientCredentialsSelector<T> clientCredentialsSelector,
245                                            final PKIClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier<T> pkiCertBindingVerifier,
246                                            final Set<Audience> expectedAudience,
247                                            final ExpendedJTIChecker<T> expendedJTIChecker) {
248
249                claimsSetVerifier = new JWTAuthenticationClaimsSetVerifier(expectedAudience);
250
251                if (clientCredentialsSelector == null) {
252                        throw new IllegalArgumentException("The client credentials selector must not be null");
253                }
254
255                this.certBindingVerifier = null;
256                this.pkiCertBindingVerifier = pkiCertBindingVerifier;
257
258                this.clientCredentialsSelector = clientCredentialsSelector;
259
260                this.expendedJTIChecker = expendedJTIChecker;
261        }
262
263
264        /**
265         * Returns the client credentials selector.
266         *
267         * @return The client credentials selector.
268         */
269        public ClientCredentialsSelector<T> getClientCredentialsSelector() {
270
271                return clientCredentialsSelector;
272        }
273        
274        
275        /**
276         * Returns the client X.509 certificate binding verifier for use in
277         * {@code tls_client_auth}.
278         *
279         * @return The client X.509 certificate binding verifier, {@code null}
280         *         if not specified.
281         * @deprecated See {@link PKIClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier}
282         */
283        @Deprecated
284        public ClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier<T> getClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier() {
285                
286                return certBindingVerifier;
287        }
288        
289        
290        /**
291         * Returns the client X.509 certificate binding verifier for use in
292         * {@code tls_client_auth}.
293         *
294         * @return The client X.509 certificate binding verifier, {@code null}
295         *         if not specified.
296         */
297        public PKIClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier<T> getPKIClientX509CertificateBindingVerifier() {
298                
299                return pkiCertBindingVerifier;
300        }
301        
302        
303        /**
304         * Returns the permitted audience values in JWT authentication
305         * assertions.
306         *
307         * @return The permitted audience (aud) claim values.
308         */
309        public Set<Audience> getExpectedAudience() {
310
311                return claimsSetVerifier.getExpectedAudience();
312        }
313
314
315        /**
316         * Returns the optional expended JWT ID (jti) claim checker to prevent
317         * JWT replay.
318         *
319         * @return The expended JWT ID (jti) claim checker, {@code null} if
320         *         none.
321         */
322        public ExpendedJTIChecker<T> getExpendedJTIChecker() {
323
324                return expendedJTIChecker;
325        }
326
327
328        private static List<Secret> removeNullOrErased(final List<Secret> secrets) {
329                List<Secret> allSet = ListUtils.removeNullItems(secrets);
330                if (allSet == null) {
331                        return null;
332                }
333                List<Secret> out = new LinkedList<>();
334                for (Secret secret: secrets) {
335                        if (secret.getValue() != null && secret.getValueBytes() != null) {
336                                out.add(secret);
337                        }
338                }
339                return out;
340        }
341
342
343        private void preventJWTReplay(final JWTID jti,
344                                      final ClientID clientID,
345                                      final ClientAuthenticationMethod method,
346                                      final Context<T> context)
347                throws InvalidClientException {
348
349                if (jti == null || getExpendedJTIChecker() == null) {
350                        return;
351                }
352
353                if (getExpendedJTIChecker().isExpended(jti, clientID, method, context)) {
354                        throw new InvalidClientException("Detected JWT ID replay");
355                }
356        }
357
358
359        private void markExpended(final JWTID jti,
360                                  final Date exp,
361                                  final ClientID clientID,
362                                  final ClientAuthenticationMethod method,
363                                  final Context<T> context) {
364
365                if (jti == null || getExpendedJTIChecker() == null) {
366                        return;
367                }
368
369                getExpendedJTIChecker().markExpended(jti, exp, clientID, method, context);
370        }
371
372
373        /**
374         * Verifies a client authentication request.
375         *
376         * @param clientAuth The client authentication. Must not be
377         *                   {@code null}.
378         * @param hints      Optional hints to the verifier, empty set of
379         *                   {@code null} if none.
380         * @param context    Additional context to be passed to the client
381         *                   credentials selector. May be {@code null}.
382         *
383         * @throws InvalidClientException If the client authentication is
384         *                                invalid, typically due to bad
385         *                                credentials.
386         * @throws JOSEException          If authentication failed due to an
387         *                                internal JOSE / JWT processing
388         *                                exception.
389         */
390        public void verify(final ClientAuthentication clientAuth, final Set<Hint> hints, final Context<T> context)
391                throws InvalidClientException, JOSEException {
392
393                if (clientAuth instanceof PlainClientSecret) {
394
395                        List<Secret> secretCandidates = ListUtils.removeNullItems(
396                                clientCredentialsSelector.selectClientSecrets(
397                                        clientAuth.getClientID(),
398                                        clientAuth.getMethod(),
399                                        context
400                                )
401                        );
402
403                        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(secretCandidates)) {
404                                throw InvalidClientException.NO_REGISTERED_SECRET;
405                        }
406
407                        PlainClientSecret plainAuth = (PlainClientSecret)clientAuth;
408
409                        for (Secret candidate: secretCandidates) {
410                                
411                                // Constant time, SHA-256 based, unless overridden
412                                if (candidate.equals(plainAuth.getClientSecret())) {
413                                        return; // success
414                                }
415                        }
416
417                        throw InvalidClientException.BAD_SECRET;
418
419                } else if (clientAuth instanceof ClientSecretJWT) {
420
421                        ClientSecretJWT jwtAuth = (ClientSecretJWT) clientAuth;
422
423                        // Check claims first before requesting secret from backend
424                        JWTAuthenticationClaimsSet jwtAuthClaims = jwtAuth.getJWTAuthenticationClaimsSet();
425
426                        preventJWTReplay(jwtAuthClaims.getJWTID(), clientAuth.getClientID(), ClientAuthenticationMethod.CLIENT_SECRET_JWT, context);
427
428                        try {
429                                claimsSetVerifier.verify(jwtAuthClaims.toJWTClaimsSet(), null);
430                        } catch (BadJWTException e) {
431                                throw new InvalidClientException("Bad / expired JWT claims: " + e.getMessage());
432                        }
433
434                        List<Secret> secretCandidates = removeNullOrErased(
435                                clientCredentialsSelector.selectClientSecrets(
436                                        clientAuth.getClientID(),
437                                        clientAuth.getMethod(),
438                                        context
439                                )
440                        );
441
442                        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(secretCandidates)) {
443                                throw InvalidClientException.NO_REGISTERED_SECRET;
444                        }
445
446                        SignedJWT assertion = jwtAuth.getClientAssertion();
447
448                        for (Secret candidate : secretCandidates) {
449
450                                boolean valid = assertion.verify(new MACVerifier(candidate.getValueBytes()));
451
452                                if (valid) {
453                                        markExpended(jwtAuthClaims.getJWTID(), jwtAuthClaims.getExpirationTime(), clientAuth.getClientID(), ClientAuthenticationMethod.CLIENT_SECRET_JWT, context);
454                                        return; // success
455                                }
456                        }
457
458                        throw InvalidClientException.BAD_JWT_HMAC;
459
460                } else if (clientAuth instanceof PrivateKeyJWT) {
461                        
462                        PrivateKeyJWT jwtAuth = (PrivateKeyJWT) clientAuth;
463                        
464                        // Check claims first before requesting / retrieving public keys
465                        JWTAuthenticationClaimsSet jwtAuthClaims = jwtAuth.getJWTAuthenticationClaimsSet();
466
467                        preventJWTReplay(jwtAuthClaims.getJWTID(), clientAuth.getClientID(), ClientAuthenticationMethod.PRIVATE_KEY_JWT, context);
468
469                        try {
470                                claimsSetVerifier.verify(jwtAuthClaims.toJWTClaimsSet(), null);
471                        } catch (BadJWTException e) {
472                                throw new InvalidClientException("Bad / expired JWT claims: " + e.getMessage());
473                        }
474                        
475                        List<? extends PublicKey> keyCandidates = ListUtils.removeNullItems(
476                                clientCredentialsSelector.selectPublicKeys(
477                                        jwtAuth.getClientID(),
478                                        jwtAuth.getMethod(),
479                                        jwtAuth.getClientAssertion().getHeader(),
480                                        false,        // don't force refresh if we have a remote JWK set;
481                                        // selector may however do so if it encounters an unknown key ID
482                                        context
483                                )
484                        );
485                        
486                        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(keyCandidates)) {
487                                throw InvalidClientException.NO_MATCHING_JWK;
488                        }
489                        
490                        SignedJWT assertion = jwtAuth.getClientAssertion();
491                        
492                        for (PublicKey candidate : keyCandidates) {
493                                
494                                JWSVerifier jwsVerifier = jwsVerifierFactory.createJWSVerifier(
495                                        jwtAuth.getClientAssertion().getHeader(),
496                                        candidate);
497                                
498                                boolean valid = assertion.verify(jwsVerifier);
499                                
500                                if (valid) {
501                                        markExpended(jwtAuthClaims.getJWTID(), jwtAuthClaims.getExpirationTime(), clientAuth.getClientID(), ClientAuthenticationMethod.PRIVATE_KEY_JWT, context);
502                                        return; // success
503                                }
504                        }
505                        
506                        // Second pass
507                        if (hints != null && hints.contains(Hint.CLIENT_HAS_REMOTE_JWK_SET)) {
508                                // Client possibly registered JWK set URL with keys that have no IDs
509                                // force JWK set reload from URL and retry
510                                keyCandidates = ListUtils.removeNullItems(
511                                        clientCredentialsSelector.selectPublicKeys(
512                                                jwtAuth.getClientID(),
513                                                jwtAuth.getMethod(),
514                                                jwtAuth.getClientAssertion().getHeader(),
515                                                true, // force reload of remote JWK set
516                                                context
517                                        )
518                                );
519                                
520                                if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(keyCandidates)) {
521                                        throw InvalidClientException.NO_MATCHING_JWK;
522                                }
523                                
524                                assertion = jwtAuth.getClientAssertion();
525                                
526                                for (PublicKey candidate : keyCandidates) {
527                                        
528                                        JWSVerifier jwsVerifier = jwsVerifierFactory.createJWSVerifier(
529                                                jwtAuth.getClientAssertion().getHeader(),
530                                                candidate);
531                                        
532                                        boolean valid = assertion.verify(jwsVerifier);
533                                        
534                                        if (valid) {
535                                                markExpended(jwtAuthClaims.getJWTID(), jwtAuthClaims.getExpirationTime(), clientAuth.getClientID(), ClientAuthenticationMethod.PRIVATE_KEY_JWT, context);
536                                                return; // success
537                                        }
538                                }
539                        }
540                        
541                        throw InvalidClientException.BAD_JWT_SIGNATURE;
542                        
543                } else if (clientAuth instanceof SelfSignedTLSClientAuthentication) {
544                        
545                        SelfSignedTLSClientAuthentication tlsClientAuth = (SelfSignedTLSClientAuthentication) clientAuth;
546                        
547                        X509Certificate clientCert = tlsClientAuth.getClientX509Certificate();
548                        
549                        if (clientCert == null) {
550                                // Sanity check
551                                throw new InvalidClientException("Missing client X.509 certificate");
552                        }
553                        
554                        // Self-signed certs bound to registered public key in client jwks / jwks_uri
555                        List<? extends PublicKey> keyCandidates = ListUtils.removeNullItems(
556                                clientCredentialsSelector.selectPublicKeys(
557                                        tlsClientAuth.getClientID(),
558                                        tlsClientAuth.getMethod(),
559                                        null,
560                                        false, // don't force refresh if we have a remote JWK set;
561                                        // selector may however do so if it encounters an unknown key ID
562                                        context
563                                )
564                        );
565                        
566                        if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(keyCandidates)) {
567                                throw InvalidClientException.NO_MATCHING_JWK;
568                        }
569                        
570                        for (PublicKey candidate : keyCandidates) {
571                                
572                                boolean valid = X509CertificateUtils.publicKeyMatches(clientCert, candidate);
573                                
574                                if (valid) {
575                                        return; // success
576                                }
577                        }
578                        
579                        // Second pass
580                        if (hints != null && hints.contains(Hint.CLIENT_HAS_REMOTE_JWK_SET)) {
581                                // Client possibly registered JWK set URL with keys that have no IDs
582                                // force JWK set reload from URL and retry
583                                keyCandidates = ListUtils.removeNullItems(
584                                        clientCredentialsSelector.selectPublicKeys(
585                                                tlsClientAuth.getClientID(),
586                                                tlsClientAuth.getMethod(),
587                                                null,
588                                                true, // force reload of remote JWK set
589                                                context
590                                        )
591                                );
592                                
593                                if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(keyCandidates)) {
594                                        throw InvalidClientException.NO_MATCHING_JWK;
595                                }
596                                
597                                for (PublicKey candidate : keyCandidates) {
598                                        
599                                        if (candidate == null) {
600                                                continue; // skip
601                                        }
602                                        
603                                        boolean valid = X509CertificateUtils.publicKeyMatches(clientCert, candidate);
604                                        
605                                        if (valid) {
606                                                return; // success
607                                        }
608                                }
609                        }
610                        
611                        throw InvalidClientException.BAD_SELF_SIGNED_CLIENT_CERTIFICATE;
612                        
613                } else if (clientAuth instanceof PKITLSClientAuthentication) {
614                        
615                        PKITLSClientAuthentication tlsClientAuth = (PKITLSClientAuthentication) clientAuth;
616                        if (pkiCertBindingVerifier != null) {
617                                pkiCertBindingVerifier.verifyCertificateBinding(
618                                                clientAuth.getClientID(),
619                                                tlsClientAuth.getClientX509Certificate(),
620                                                context);
621                                
622                        } else if (certBindingVerifier != null) {
623                                certBindingVerifier.verifyCertificateBinding(
624                                                clientAuth.getClientID(),
625                                                tlsClientAuth.getClientX509CertificateSubjectDN(),
626                                                context);
627                        } else {
628                                throw new InvalidClientException("Mutual TLS client Authentication (tls_client_auth) not supported");
629                        }
630                } else {
631                        throw new RuntimeException("Unexpected client authentication: " + clientAuth.getMethod());
632                }
633        }
634}