001    /**
002     * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
003     * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
004     * distributed with this work for additional information
005     * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
006     * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
007     * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
008     * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
009     *
010     *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
011     *
012     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
013     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
014     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
015     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
016     * limitations under the License.
017     */
018    
019    package org.apache.hadoop.security;
020    
021    import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
022    import java.io.DataInput;
023    import java.io.DataInputStream;
024    import java.io.DataOutput;
025    import java.io.IOException;
026    import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
027    import java.security.Security;
028    import java.util.ArrayList;
029    import java.util.Enumeration;
030    import java.util.HashMap;
031    import java.util.List;
032    import java.util.Map;
033    import java.util.TreeMap;
034    
035    import javax.security.auth.callback.Callback;
036    import javax.security.auth.callback.CallbackHandler;
037    import javax.security.auth.callback.NameCallback;
038    import javax.security.auth.callback.PasswordCallback;
039    import javax.security.auth.callback.UnsupportedCallbackException;
040    import javax.security.sasl.AuthorizeCallback;
041    import javax.security.sasl.RealmCallback;
042    import javax.security.sasl.Sasl;
043    import javax.security.sasl.SaslException;
044    import javax.security.sasl.SaslServer;
045    import javax.security.sasl.SaslServerFactory;
046    
047    import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
048    import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
049    import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
050    import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience;
051    import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceStability;
052    import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
053    import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RetriableException;
054    import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server;
055    import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server.Connection;
056    import org.apache.hadoop.ipc.StandbyException;
057    import org.apache.hadoop.security.token.SecretManager;
058    import org.apache.hadoop.security.token.SecretManager.InvalidToken;
059    import org.apache.hadoop.security.token.TokenIdentifier;
060    
061    /**
062     * A utility class for dealing with SASL on RPC server
063     */
064    @InterfaceAudience.LimitedPrivate({"HDFS", "MapReduce"})
065    @InterfaceStability.Evolving
066    public class SaslRpcServer {
067      public static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(SaslRpcServer.class);
068      public static final String SASL_DEFAULT_REALM = "default";
069      public static final Map<String, String> SASL_PROPS = 
070          new TreeMap<String, String>();
071      private static SaslServerFactory saslFactory;
072    
073      public static enum QualityOfProtection {
074        AUTHENTICATION("auth"),
075        INTEGRITY("auth-int"),
076        PRIVACY("auth-conf");
077        
078        public final String saslQop;
079        
080        private QualityOfProtection(String saslQop) {
081          this.saslQop = saslQop;
082        }
083        
084        public String getSaslQop() {
085          return saslQop;
086        }
087      }
088    
089      @InterfaceAudience.Private
090      @InterfaceStability.Unstable
091      public AuthMethod authMethod;
092      public String mechanism;
093      public String protocol;
094      public String serverId;
095      
096      @InterfaceAudience.Private
097      @InterfaceStability.Unstable
098      public SaslRpcServer(AuthMethod authMethod) throws IOException {
099        this.authMethod = authMethod;
100        mechanism = authMethod.getMechanismName();    
101        switch (authMethod) {
102          case SIMPLE: {
103            return; // no sasl for simple
104          }
105          case TOKEN: {
106            protocol = "";
107            serverId = SaslRpcServer.SASL_DEFAULT_REALM;
108            break;
109          }
110          case KERBEROS: {
111            String fullName = UserGroupInformation.getCurrentUser().getUserName();
112            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
113              LOG.debug("Kerberos principal name is " + fullName);
114            // don't use KerberosName because we don't want auth_to_local
115            String[] parts = fullName.split("[/@]", 3);
116            protocol = parts[0];
117            // should verify service host is present here rather than in create()
118            // but lazy tests are using a UGI that isn't a SPN...
119            serverId = (parts.length < 2) ? "" : parts[1];
120            break;
121          }
122          default:
123            // we should never be able to get here
124            throw new AccessControlException(
125                "Server does not support SASL " + authMethod);
126        }
127      }
128      
129      @InterfaceAudience.Private
130      @InterfaceStability.Unstable
131      public SaslServer create(Connection connection,
132                               SecretManager<TokenIdentifier> secretManager
133          ) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
134        UserGroupInformation ugi = null;
135        final CallbackHandler callback;
136        switch (authMethod) {
137          case TOKEN: {
138            callback = new SaslDigestCallbackHandler(secretManager, connection);
139            break;
140          }
141          case KERBEROS: {
142            ugi = UserGroupInformation.getCurrentUser();
143            if (serverId.isEmpty()) {
144              throw new AccessControlException(
145                  "Kerberos principal name does NOT have the expected "
146                      + "hostname part: " + ugi.getUserName());
147            }
148            callback = new SaslGssCallbackHandler();
149            break;
150          }
151          default:
152            // we should never be able to get here
153            throw new AccessControlException(
154                "Server does not support SASL " + authMethod);
155        }
156        
157        final SaslServer saslServer;
158        if (ugi != null) {
159          saslServer = ugi.doAs(
160            new PrivilegedExceptionAction<SaslServer>() {
161              @Override
162              public SaslServer run() throws SaslException  {
163                return saslFactory.createSaslServer(mechanism, protocol, serverId,
164                    SaslRpcServer.SASL_PROPS, callback);
165              }
166            });
167        } else {
168          saslServer = saslFactory.createSaslServer(mechanism, protocol, serverId,
169              SaslRpcServer.SASL_PROPS, callback);
170        }
171        if (saslServer == null) {
172          throw new AccessControlException(
173              "Unable to find SASL server implementation for " + mechanism);
174        }
175        if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
176          LOG.debug("Created SASL server with mechanism = " + mechanism);
177        }
178        return saslServer;
179      }
180    
181      public static void init(Configuration conf) {
182        QualityOfProtection saslQOP = QualityOfProtection.AUTHENTICATION;
183        String rpcProtection = conf.get("hadoop.rpc.protection",
184            QualityOfProtection.AUTHENTICATION.name().toLowerCase());
185        if (QualityOfProtection.INTEGRITY.name().toLowerCase()
186            .equals(rpcProtection)) {
187          saslQOP = QualityOfProtection.INTEGRITY;
188        } else if (QualityOfProtection.PRIVACY.name().toLowerCase().equals(
189            rpcProtection)) {
190          saslQOP = QualityOfProtection.PRIVACY;
191        }
192        
193        SASL_PROPS.put(Sasl.QOP, saslQOP.getSaslQop());
194        SASL_PROPS.put(Sasl.SERVER_AUTH, "true");
195        Security.addProvider(new SaslPlainServer.SecurityProvider());
196        saslFactory = new FastSaslServerFactory(SASL_PROPS);
197      }
198      
199      static String encodeIdentifier(byte[] identifier) {
200        return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(identifier));
201      }
202    
203      static byte[] decodeIdentifier(String identifier) {
204        return Base64.decodeBase64(identifier.getBytes());
205      }
206    
207      public static <T extends TokenIdentifier> T getIdentifier(String id,
208          SecretManager<T> secretManager) throws InvalidToken {
209        byte[] tokenId = decodeIdentifier(id);
210        T tokenIdentifier = secretManager.createIdentifier();
211        try {
212          tokenIdentifier.readFields(new DataInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(
213              tokenId)));
214        } catch (IOException e) {
215          throw (InvalidToken) new InvalidToken(
216              "Can't de-serialize tokenIdentifier").initCause(e);
217        }
218        return tokenIdentifier;
219      }
220    
221      static char[] encodePassword(byte[] password) {
222        return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(password)).toCharArray();
223      }
224    
225      /** Splitting fully qualified Kerberos name into parts */
226      public static String[] splitKerberosName(String fullName) {
227        return fullName.split("[/@]");
228      }
229    
230      /** Authentication method */
231      @InterfaceStability.Evolving
232      public static enum AuthMethod {
233        SIMPLE((byte) 80, ""),
234        KERBEROS((byte) 81, "GSSAPI"),
235        @Deprecated
236        DIGEST((byte) 82, "DIGEST-MD5"),
237        TOKEN((byte) 82, "DIGEST-MD5"),
238        PLAIN((byte) 83, "PLAIN");
239    
240        /** The code for this method. */
241        public final byte code;
242        public final String mechanismName;
243    
244        private AuthMethod(byte code, String mechanismName) { 
245          this.code = code;
246          this.mechanismName = mechanismName;
247        }
248    
249        private static final int FIRST_CODE = values()[0].code;
250    
251        /** Return the object represented by the code. */
252        private static AuthMethod valueOf(byte code) {
253          final int i = (code & 0xff) - FIRST_CODE;
254          return i < 0 || i >= values().length ? null : values()[i];
255        }
256    
257        /** Return the SASL mechanism name */
258        public String getMechanismName() {
259          return mechanismName;
260        }
261    
262        /** Read from in */
263        public static AuthMethod read(DataInput in) throws IOException {
264          return valueOf(in.readByte());
265        }
266    
267        /** Write to out */
268        public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
269          out.write(code);
270        }
271      };
272    
273      /** CallbackHandler for SASL DIGEST-MD5 mechanism */
274      @InterfaceStability.Evolving
275      public static class SaslDigestCallbackHandler implements CallbackHandler {
276        private SecretManager<TokenIdentifier> secretManager;
277        private Server.Connection connection; 
278        
279        public SaslDigestCallbackHandler(
280            SecretManager<TokenIdentifier> secretManager,
281            Server.Connection connection) {
282          this.secretManager = secretManager;
283          this.connection = connection;
284        }
285    
286        private char[] getPassword(TokenIdentifier tokenid) throws InvalidToken,
287            StandbyException, RetriableException, IOException {
288          return encodePassword(secretManager.retriableRetrievePassword(tokenid));
289        }
290    
291        @Override
292        public void handle(Callback[] callbacks) throws InvalidToken,
293            UnsupportedCallbackException, StandbyException, RetriableException,
294            IOException {
295          NameCallback nc = null;
296          PasswordCallback pc = null;
297          AuthorizeCallback ac = null;
298          for (Callback callback : callbacks) {
299            if (callback instanceof AuthorizeCallback) {
300              ac = (AuthorizeCallback) callback;
301            } else if (callback instanceof NameCallback) {
302              nc = (NameCallback) callback;
303            } else if (callback instanceof PasswordCallback) {
304              pc = (PasswordCallback) callback;
305            } else if (callback instanceof RealmCallback) {
306              continue; // realm is ignored
307            } else {
308              throw new UnsupportedCallbackException(callback,
309                  "Unrecognized SASL DIGEST-MD5 Callback");
310            }
311          }
312          if (pc != null) {
313            TokenIdentifier tokenIdentifier = getIdentifier(nc.getDefaultName(),
314                secretManager);
315            char[] password = getPassword(tokenIdentifier);
316            UserGroupInformation user = null;
317            user = tokenIdentifier.getUser(); // may throw exception
318            connection.attemptingUser = user;
319            
320            if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
321              LOG.debug("SASL server DIGEST-MD5 callback: setting password "
322                  + "for client: " + tokenIdentifier.getUser());
323            }
324            pc.setPassword(password);
325          }
326          if (ac != null) {
327            String authid = ac.getAuthenticationID();
328            String authzid = ac.getAuthorizationID();
329            if (authid.equals(authzid)) {
330              ac.setAuthorized(true);
331            } else {
332              ac.setAuthorized(false);
333            }
334            if (ac.isAuthorized()) {
335              if (LOG.isDebugEnabled()) {
336                String username =
337                  getIdentifier(authzid, secretManager).getUser().getUserName();
338                LOG.debug("SASL server DIGEST-MD5 callback: setting "
339                    + "canonicalized client ID: " + username);
340              }
341              ac.setAuthorizedID(authzid);
342            }
343          }
344        }
345      }
346    
347      /** CallbackHandler for SASL GSSAPI Kerberos mechanism */
348      @InterfaceStability.Evolving
349      public static class SaslGssCallbackHandler implements CallbackHandler {
350    
351        @Override
352        public void handle(Callback[] callbacks) throws
353            UnsupportedCallbackException {
354          AuthorizeCallback ac = null;
355          for (Callback callback : callbacks) {
356            if (callback instanceof AuthorizeCallback) {
357              ac = (AuthorizeCallback) callback;
358            } else {
359              throw new UnsupportedCallbackException(callback,
360                  "Unrecognized SASL GSSAPI Callback");
361            }
362          }
363          if (ac != null) {
364            String authid = ac.getAuthenticationID();
365            String authzid = ac.getAuthorizationID();
366            if (authid.equals(authzid)) {
367              ac.setAuthorized(true);
368            } else {
369              ac.setAuthorized(false);
370            }
371            if (ac.isAuthorized()) {
372              if (LOG.isDebugEnabled())
373                LOG.debug("SASL server GSSAPI callback: setting "
374                    + "canonicalized client ID: " + authzid);
375              ac.setAuthorizedID(authzid);
376            }
377          }
378        }
379      }
380      
381      // Sasl.createSaslServer is 100-200X slower than caching the factories!
382      private static class FastSaslServerFactory implements SaslServerFactory {
383        private final Map<String,List<SaslServerFactory>> factoryCache =
384            new HashMap<String,List<SaslServerFactory>>();
385    
386        FastSaslServerFactory(Map<String,?> props) {
387          final Enumeration<SaslServerFactory> factories =
388              Sasl.getSaslServerFactories();
389          while (factories.hasMoreElements()) {
390            SaslServerFactory factory = factories.nextElement();
391            for (String mech : factory.getMechanismNames(props)) {
392              if (!factoryCache.containsKey(mech)) {
393                factoryCache.put(mech, new ArrayList<SaslServerFactory>());
394              }
395              factoryCache.get(mech).add(factory);
396            }
397          }
398        }
399    
400        @Override
401        public SaslServer createSaslServer(String mechanism, String protocol,
402            String serverName, Map<String,?> props, CallbackHandler cbh)
403            throws SaslException {
404          SaslServer saslServer = null;
405          List<SaslServerFactory> factories = factoryCache.get(mechanism);
406          if (factories != null) {
407            for (SaslServerFactory factory : factories) {
408              saslServer = factory.createSaslServer(
409                  mechanism, protocol, serverName, props, cbh);
410              if (saslServer != null) {
411                break;
412              }
413            }
414          }
415          return saslServer;
416        }
417    
418        @Override
419        public String[] getMechanismNames(Map<String, ?> props) {
420          return factoryCache.keySet().toArray(new String[0]);
421        }
422      }
423    }