Trait

scala.reflect.api.Internals

Importer

Related Doc: package Internals

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trait Importer extends AnyRef

This trait provides support for importers, a facility to migrate reflection artifacts between universes. Note: this trait should typically be used only rarely.

Reflection artifacts, such as Symbols and Types, are contained in Universes. Typically all processing happens within a single Universe (e.g. a compile-time macro Universe or a runtime reflection Universe), but sometimes there is a need to migrate artifacts from one Universe to another. For example, runtime compilation works by importing runtime reflection trees into a runtime compiler universe, compiling the importees and exporting the result back.

Reflection artifacts are firmly grounded in their Universes, which is reflected by the fact that types of artifacts from different universes are not compatible. By using Importers, however, they be imported from one universe into another. For example, to import foo.bar.Baz from the source Universe to the target Universe, an importer will first check whether the entire owner chain exists in the target Universe. If it does, then nothing else will be done. Otherwise, the importer will recreate the entire owner chain and will import the corresponding type signatures into the target Universe.

Since importers match Symbol tables of the source and the target Universes using plain string names, it is programmer's responsibility to make sure that imports don't distort semantics, e.g., that foo.bar.Baz in the source Universe means the same that foo.bar.Baz does in the target Universe.

Example

Here's how one might implement a macro that performs compile-time evaluation of its argument by using a runtime compiler to compile and evaluate a tree that belongs to a compile-time compiler:

def staticEval[T](x: T) = macro staticEval[T]

def staticEval[T](c: scala.reflect.macros.blackbox.Context)(x: c.Expr[T]) = {
  // creates a runtime reflection universe to host runtime compilation
  import scala.reflect.runtime.{universe => ru}
  val mirror = ru.runtimeMirror(c.libraryClassLoader)
  import scala.tools.reflect.ToolBox
  val toolBox = mirror.mkToolBox()

  // runtime reflection universe and compile-time macro universe are different
  // therefore an importer is needed to bridge them
  // currently mkImporter requires a cast to correctly assign the path-dependent types
  val importer0 = ru.internal.mkImporter(c.universe)
  val importer = importer0.asInstanceOf[ru.internal.Importer { val from: c.universe.type }]

  // the created importer is used to turn a compiler tree into a runtime compiler tree
  // both compilers use the same classpath, so semantics remains intact
  val imported = importer.importTree(tree)

  // after the tree is imported, it can be evaluated as usual
  val tree = toolBox.untypecheck(imported.duplicate)
  val valueOfX = toolBox.eval(imported).asInstanceOf[T]
  ...
}
Source
Internals.scala
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  1. Importer
  2. AnyRef
  3. Any
Implicitly
  1. by any2stringadd
  2. by StringFormat
  3. by Ensuring
  4. by ArrowAssoc
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Abstract Value Members

  1. abstract val from: Universe

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    The source universe of reflection artifacts that will be processed.

    The source universe of reflection artifacts that will be processed. The target universe is universe that created this importer with mkImporter.

  2. abstract def importPosition(pos: Universe.Position): Universe.Position

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    In the current universe, creates a position that corresponds to the provided position in the source universe.

  3. abstract def importSymbol(sym: Universe.Symbol): Universe.Symbol

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    In the current universe, locates or creates a symbol that corresponds to the provided symbol in the source universe.

    In the current universe, locates or creates a symbol that corresponds to the provided symbol in the source universe. If necessary imports the owner chain, companions, type signature, annotations and attachments.

  4. abstract def importTree(tree: Universe.Tree): Universe.Tree

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    In the current universe, creates a tree that corresponds to the provided tree in the source universe.

    In the current universe, creates a tree that corresponds to the provided tree in the source universe. If necessary imports the underlying symbols, types and attachments.

  5. abstract def importType(tpe: Universe.Type): Universe.Type

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    In the current universe, locates or creates a type that corresponds to the provided type in the source universe.

    In the current universe, locates or creates a type that corresponds to the provided type in the source universe. If necessary imports the underlying symbols, annotations, scopes and trees.

  6. abstract val reverse: Universe.Importer { val from: Internals.this.type }

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    An importer that works in reverse direction, namely: imports reflection artifacts from the current universe to the universe specified in from.

Concrete Value Members

  1. final def !=(arg0: Any): Boolean

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    Test two objects for inequality.

    Test two objects for inequality.

    returns

    true if !(this == that), false otherwise.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  2. final def ##(): Int

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    Equivalent to x.hashCode except for boxed numeric types and null.

    Equivalent to x.hashCode except for boxed numeric types and null. For numerics, it returns a hash value which is consistent with value equality: if two value type instances compare as true, then ## will produce the same hash value for each of them. For null returns a hashcode where null.hashCode throws a NullPointerException.

    returns

    a hash value consistent with ==

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  3. def +(other: String): String

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to any2stringadd[Universe.Importer] performed by method any2stringadd in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    any2stringadd
  4. def ->[B](y: B): (Universe.Importer, B)

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to ArrowAssoc[Universe.Importer] performed by method ArrowAssoc in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    ArrowAssoc
    Annotations
    @inline()
  5. final def ==(arg0: Any): Boolean

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    The expression x == that is equivalent to if (x eq null) that eq null else x.equals(that).

    The expression x == that is equivalent to if (x eq null) that eq null else x.equals(that).

    returns

    true if the receiver object is equivalent to the argument; false otherwise.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  6. final def asInstanceOf[T0]: T0

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    Cast the receiver object to be of type T0.

    Cast the receiver object to be of type T0.

    Note that the success of a cast at runtime is modulo Scala's erasure semantics. Therefore the expression 1.asInstanceOf[String] will throw a ClassCastException at runtime, while the expression List(1).asInstanceOf[List[String]] will not. In the latter example, because the type argument is erased as part of compilation it is not possible to check whether the contents of the list are of the requested type.

    returns

    the receiver object.

    Definition Classes
    Any
    Exceptions thrown

    ClassCastException if the receiver object is not an instance of the erasure of type T0.

  7. def clone(): AnyRef

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    Create a copy of the receiver object.

    Create a copy of the receiver object.

    The default implementation of the clone method is platform dependent.

    returns

    a copy of the receiver object.

    Attributes
    protected[java.lang]
    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
    Note

    not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef

  8. def ensuring(cond: (Universe.Importer) ⇒ Boolean, msg: ⇒ Any): Universe.Importer

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to Ensuring[Universe.Importer] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  9. def ensuring(cond: (Universe.Importer) ⇒ Boolean): Universe.Importer

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to Ensuring[Universe.Importer] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  10. def ensuring(cond: Boolean, msg: ⇒ Any): Universe.Importer

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to Ensuring[Universe.Importer] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  11. def ensuring(cond: Boolean): Universe.Importer

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to Ensuring[Universe.Importer] performed by method Ensuring in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    Ensuring
  12. final def eq(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

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    Tests whether the argument (that) is a reference to the receiver object (this).

    Tests whether the argument (that) is a reference to the receiver object (this).

    The eq method implements an equivalence relation on non-null instances of AnyRef, and has three additional properties:

    • It is consistent: for any non-null instances x and y of type AnyRef, multiple invocations of x.eq(y) consistently returns true or consistently returns false.
    • For any non-null instance x of type AnyRef, x.eq(null) and null.eq(x) returns false.
    • null.eq(null) returns true.

    When overriding the equals or hashCode methods, it is important to ensure that their behavior is consistent with reference equality. Therefore, if two objects are references to each other (o1 eq o2), they should be equal to each other (o1 == o2) and they should hash to the same value (o1.hashCode == o2.hashCode).

    returns

    true if the argument is a reference to the receiver object; false otherwise.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  13. def equals(arg0: Any): Boolean

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    The equality method for reference types.

    The equality method for reference types. Default implementation delegates to eq.

    See also equals in scala.Any.

    returns

    true if the receiver object is equivalent to the argument; false otherwise.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  14. def finalize(): Unit

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    Called by the garbage collector on the receiver object when there are no more references to the object.

    Called by the garbage collector on the receiver object when there are no more references to the object.

    The details of when and if the finalize method is invoked, as well as the interaction between finalize and non-local returns and exceptions, are all platform dependent.

    Attributes
    protected[java.lang]
    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( classOf[java.lang.Throwable] )
    Note

    not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef

  15. def formatted(fmtstr: String): String

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to StringFormat[Universe.Importer] performed by method StringFormat in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    StringFormat
    Annotations
    @inline()
  16. final def getClass(): Class[_]

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    A representation that corresponds to the dynamic class of the receiver object.

    A representation that corresponds to the dynamic class of the receiver object.

    The nature of the representation is platform dependent.

    returns

    a representation that corresponds to the dynamic class of the receiver object.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
    Note

    not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef

  17. def hashCode(): Int

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    The hashCode method for reference types.

    The hashCode method for reference types. See hashCode in scala.Any.

    returns

    the hash code value for this object.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  18. final def isInstanceOf[T0]: Boolean

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    Test whether the dynamic type of the receiver object is T0.

    Test whether the dynamic type of the receiver object is T0.

    Note that the result of the test is modulo Scala's erasure semantics. Therefore the expression 1.isInstanceOf[String] will return false, while the expression List(1).isInstanceOf[List[String]] will return true. In the latter example, because the type argument is erased as part of compilation it is not possible to check whether the contents of the list are of the specified type.

    returns

    true if the receiver object is an instance of erasure of type T0; false otherwise.

    Definition Classes
    Any
  19. final def ne(arg0: AnyRef): Boolean

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    Equivalent to !(this eq that).

    Equivalent to !(this eq that).

    returns

    true if the argument is not a reference to the receiver object; false otherwise.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  20. final def notify(): Unit

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    Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    Wakes up a single thread that is waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Note

    not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef

  21. final def notifyAll(): Unit

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    Wakes up all threads that are waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    Wakes up all threads that are waiting on the receiver object's monitor.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Note

    not specified by SLS as a member of AnyRef

  22. final def synchronized[T0](arg0: ⇒ T0): T0

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    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
  23. def toString(): String

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    Creates a String representation of this object.

    Creates a String representation of this object. The default representation is platform dependent. On the java platform it is the concatenation of the class name, "@", and the object's hashcode in hexadecimal.

    returns

    a String representation of the object.

    Definition Classes
    AnyRef → Any
  24. final def wait(): Unit

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    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
  25. final def wait(arg0: Long, arg1: Int): Unit

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    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
  26. final def wait(arg0: Long): Unit

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    Definition Classes
    AnyRef
    Annotations
    @throws( ... )
  27. def [B](y: B): (Universe.Importer, B)

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    Implicit information
    This member is added by an implicit conversion from Universe.Importer to ArrowAssoc[Universe.Importer] performed by method ArrowAssoc in scala.Predef.
    Definition Classes
    ArrowAssoc

Inherited from AnyRef

Inherited from Any

Inherited by implicit conversion any2stringadd from Universe.Importer to any2stringadd[Universe.Importer]

Inherited by implicit conversion StringFormat from Universe.Importer to StringFormat[Universe.Importer]

Inherited by implicit conversion Ensuring from Universe.Importer to Ensuring[Universe.Importer]

Inherited by implicit conversion ArrowAssoc from Universe.Importer to ArrowAssoc[Universe.Importer]

Ungrouped